• Torin 1: Unlocking Advanced Insights in mTORC1/mTORC2 Inh...

  2025-09-23

  Explore the unique applications of Torin 1, a potent ATP-competitive mTOR inhibitor, in dissecting mTORC1 and mTORC2 signaling and its implications for cell proliferation, autophagy, and lipid metabolism. This evidence-based article highlights distinct experimental strategies and mechanistic perspectives relevant for mTOR signaling pathway research.

• MLN4924: Targeting Neddylation for Advanced Cancer Research

  2025-09-22

  Explore how MLN4924, a potent NEDD8-activating enzyme inhibitor, enables precise dissection of the neddylation pathway in cancer biology research. This article examines recent mechanistic insights and highlights MLN4924’s unique value for tumor growth inhibition in solid tumor models.

• MLN4924 and Neddylation Pathway Inhibition: Expanding Str...

  2025-09-19

  This article explores the role of MLN4924 as a selective NEDD8-activating enzyme inhibitor in dissecting neddylation-dependent regulation of mTORC1 and tumorigenesis. By integrating recent mechanistic insights and practical guidance, it highlights new directions for cancer biology research and anti-cancer therapeutic development.

• MLN4924: Selective NAE Inhibitor Targeting Neddylation in...

  2025-09-18

  MLN4924 is a potent NEDD8-activating enzyme inhibitor widely used in cancer biology research for its role in neddylation pathway inhibition and cullin-RING ligase (CRL) ubiquitination inhibition. This article explores recent advances and unique mechanistic insights into MLN4924’s applications in solid tumor models and anti-cancer therapeutic development.

• A rate limiting step in the generation of kynurenine

  2025-03-03

  

  A rate-limiting step in the generation of kynurenine and xanthurenic UCB 35625 is the oxidation of N-formyl-kynurenine to l-kynurenine via indolamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) or tryptophan dioxygenase (TDO). IDO and/or TDO knockdown decreases and ectopic over-expression increases production of endogen

• As the close paralog of adiponectin we

  2025-03-03

  

  As the close paralog of adiponectin, we hypothesized that CTRP9 could participate in regulation of reproduction. In order to evaluate whether Ctrp9 plays a role in the control of reproduction in tilapia, i.p. injection experiment was performed. HPG (Hypothalamic/pituitary/gonadal) axis plays a key r

• While A Rs communicate mainly with the

  2025-03-03

  

  While A1Rs communicate mainly with the D1R subtype [36], A2AR and D2R interaction occurs mainly in basal ganglia. D2Rs colocalizes with A2ARs in this cox 2 inhibitor area where they are preferentially localized postsynaptically in the soma and dendrites of GABAergic striatopallidal neurons [69]. Th

• br Conclusion The HT receptor family is

  2025-03-03

  

  Conclusion The 5-HT receptor family is complex, and one may ask as does Bryan Roth et al. [205] whether this is useless RS-1 (i.e. too much redundancy) or an embarrassment of the riches (i.e. many potential targets to choose from to affect normal or pathological function); molecular biology has

• Introduction Dementia is a common disease

  2025-03-03

  

  Introduction Dementia is a common disease in the elderly, and a significant source of disability, healthcare spending, and long-term care admissions. There is evidence to suggest that testosterone plays a role in cognitive functioning, and lower serum levels correlate with higher amyloid deposits (

• br Disclosure br Acknowledgement br Introduction CYP

  2025-03-03

  

  Disclosure Acknowledgement Introduction CYP17A1 is a multifunctional enzyme with both 17α-hydroxylase and 17,20-lyase activities and is essential for the biosynthesis of steroidal Enasidenib in male testes and adrenal glands. The 17α-hydroxylase activity of CYP17A1 is involved in the conve

• Receptor tyrosine kinase Axl is a member

  2025-03-03

  

  Receptor tyrosine kinase Axl is a member of the TAM (Tyro3/Axl/Mer) family, and has reported been associated with a spectrum of human cancers [8]. Numerous studies have revealed that the oncogenic potential of Axl is attributed to the anti-apoptotic and proliferative signaling pathways triggered by

• For these reasons the role played by autophagy

  2025-03-03

  

  For these reasons, the role played by autophagy in environmental neurotoxicity is not always easily determinable. Indeed, although the neuroprotective role of autophagy has been shown by several studies, sometimes induction of autophagy was associate with deleterious effects (Glick et al., 2010, Sri

• We wanted to investigate the influence of

  2025-03-01

  

  We wanted to investigate the influence of substituents on the pyrazole ring on the activity, but only a few substituted pyrazole-3-carboxylic acids/esters were commercially available in useful amounts at a reasonable price, for example, 4- and 5-nitro-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid. The preparation of 4

• PGR regulation of epithelium stroma crosstalk is proven by

  2025-03-01

  

  PGR regulation of epithelium–stroma crosstalk is proven by numerous studies that utilize genetically engineered mouse models. Before embryo implantation, epithelial PGR mediates the progesterone signal to transcriptionally increase the Ihh levels 13, 15. Epithelial IHH then activates the stromal hed

• Apoptosis signal regulating kinase ASK also referred to as

  2025-03-01

  

  Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1, also referred to as MAP3K5)(Ichijo et al., 1997) participates in many different stress responses, including apoptosis (Chang et al., 1998, Chen et al., 1999, Ichijo et al., 1997, Kanamoto et al., 2000, Noguchi et al., 2008, Saitoh et al., 1998, Tobiume et

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