• Introduction Dementia is a common disease

  2025-03-03

  

  Introduction Dementia is a common disease in the elderly, and a significant source of disability, healthcare spending, and long-term care admissions. There is evidence to suggest that testosterone plays a role in cognitive functioning, and lower serum levels correlate with higher amyloid deposits (

• br Disclosure br Acknowledgement br Introduction CYP

  2025-03-03

  

  Disclosure Acknowledgement Introduction CYP17A1 is a multifunctional enzyme with both 17α-hydroxylase and 17,20-lyase activities and is essential for the biosynthesis of steroidal Enasidenib in male testes and adrenal glands. The 17α-hydroxylase activity of CYP17A1 is involved in the conve

• Receptor tyrosine kinase Axl is a member

  2025-03-03

  

  Receptor tyrosine kinase Axl is a member of the TAM (Tyro3/Axl/Mer) family, and has reported been associated with a spectrum of human cancers [8]. Numerous studies have revealed that the oncogenic potential of Axl is attributed to the anti-apoptotic and proliferative signaling pathways triggered by

• For these reasons the role played by autophagy

  2025-03-03

  

  For these reasons, the role played by autophagy in environmental neurotoxicity is not always easily determinable. Indeed, although the neuroprotective role of autophagy has been shown by several studies, sometimes induction of autophagy was associate with deleterious effects (Glick et al., 2010, Sri

• We wanted to investigate the influence of

  2025-03-01

  

  We wanted to investigate the influence of substituents on the pyrazole ring on the activity, but only a few substituted pyrazole-3-carboxylic acids/esters were commercially available in useful amounts at a reasonable price, for example, 4- and 5-nitro-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid. The preparation of 4

• PGR regulation of epithelium stroma crosstalk is proven by

  2025-03-01

  

  PGR regulation of epithelium–stroma crosstalk is proven by numerous studies that utilize genetically engineered mouse models. Before embryo implantation, epithelial PGR mediates the progesterone signal to transcriptionally increase the Ihh levels 13, 15. Epithelial IHH then activates the stromal hed

• Apoptosis signal regulating kinase ASK also referred to as

  2025-03-01

  

  Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1, also referred to as MAP3K5)(Ichijo et al., 1997) participates in many different stress responses, including apoptosis (Chang et al., 1998, Chen et al., 1999, Ichijo et al., 1997, Kanamoto et al., 2000, Noguchi et al., 2008, Saitoh et al., 1998, Tobiume et

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion

  2025-03-01

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion In this study, we administrated BDE-153 to newborn rat pups at PND 10 and cultured primary neurons, measured neuronal apoptosis and LDH activity in vivo and in vitro, then explored the possible predominant pathway underlying the neuronal apoptosis by

• br Apelin The APJ receptor ligand

  2025-03-01

  

  Apelin The APJ receptor ligand apelin firstly in 1998 was segregated from bovine stomach tissue. Human preproapelin gene located on chromosome Xq25–26.1. The apelin preproproteins consist of 77 amino ar 165 1 residues that are cleaved into biologically active C-terminal fragments of various size

• br Introduction Breast cancer is the second

  2025-03-01

  

  Introduction Breast cancer is the second most lethal cancer among women, accounting for approximately 40,000 deaths in the United States in 2015 [1]. The prognosis of breast cancer has improved significantly with the identification of immunohistochemical subtypes that predict response to therapy

• The SMN and SMN promoters are regulated by transcription

  2025-03-01

  

  The SMN1 and SMN2 promoters are regulated by transcription factors such as E26 transformation-specific domain containing protein (ELK-1) and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) 58, 59. Compared with WT animals, mice with SMA exhibit increased and decreased ELK-1 and CREB phosphorylation, re

• The AHR potentially enhances IDO expression possibly via cro

  2025-03-01

  

  The AHR potentially enhances IDO-expression, possibly via crosstalk with several inflammatory signaling pathways (shown by now for IL6 and ‘signal transducer and activator of transcription’ (STAT) 3, and for NFκB, toll like receptor-pathways) [56,59,60]. IDO metabolizes Trp to kynurenines, which are

• mecamylamine The extent to which GPCR oligomerization

  2025-03-01

  

  The extent to which GPCR oligomerization is a regulated process still remains unclear. Reported effects of ligands on both GPCR homo- and heteromers are highly variable and depend on GPCR subtypes and the specific ligand used. According to our data, chronic treatment of mice with both paroxetine or

• The anorexic effect observed when AR is infused

  2025-03-01

  

  The anorexic effect observed when AR231630 is infused into the VTA could be the result of the DA release inhibition, as previously described [11]. However, there is also a hedonic aspect in feeding that possibly involves dopaminergic mechanisms of reward. Helm et al. showed a functional link between

• Since forskolin is known to act directly

  2025-03-01

  

  Since forskolin is known to act directly at the catalytic site of adenylate cyclases near the ATP binding (Tesmer et al., 1997), the synergistic and/or permissive effect of gonadotropins on FSK activity must occur at the level of AC itself or very near, at the level of one of its direct partner. The

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